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Shortly after independence, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to
form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end
in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country
since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition
have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling
party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities.
Location:
Lower middle, eastern coast. Bordered by: Burundi, Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique,
Rwanda, Uganda, Zambia
Some
Statistics:
Population: 35,922,454 (July 2003 est.)
Literacy Rate: 78.2% (2003 est.)
GDP: $22.5 billion (2002 est.)
Exports: gold, coffee, cashew nuts, manufactures, cotton
Imports: consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment,
industrial raw materials, crude oil
Climate:
Tropical at coast to temperate in highlands.
Languages:
Kiswahili
or Swahili (official), Kiunguju (name for Swahili in Zanzibar),
English (official, primary language of commerce,
administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken
in Zanzibar), many local languages
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